I spent a weekend in one of Europe’s richest countries, home to more than 70 castles, a royal family, medieval houses, endless forests, and four Christmas markets.
When I revealed to my friends and family that I was jetting off to this European destination for the weekend, I was greeted with bewilderment and confusion. Some hadn’t even heard of this tiny nation, whilst others reckoned it wasn’t worth the trip, given where it’s positioned.
“There’s not much to do there, you should visit France or Germany instead,” remarked a globe-trotting mate of mine. Yet, when my best mate relocated back home to Luxembourg following seven years in Britain, I knew it was my moment to visit, come what may.
She’d spoken of its stunning landscapes, rich heritage and vibrant culture, but I wasn’t entirely sure what awaited me upon arrival. Following a brief 50-minute flight from London Heathrow, I landed in the most peaceful nation I’d ever set foot in, but one aspect particularly took me by surprise.
A nation boasting over 70 castles
Nestled between Germany and France, Luxembourg’s story began in the 900s when Count Siegfried bought a fortress named Lucilinburhuc, translating to “little fortress” or “small castle.”
A settlement gradually developed around the stronghold, and across numerous centuries, the region transformed into the country recognised today.
The nation ranks amongst Europe’s tiniest, spanning 2,590 km2, roughly double the size of Los Angeles, according to World Data. Nevertheless, the country possesses tremendous historical and architectural wealth.
According to the tourist website Luxembourg.lu: “To protect itself from invasions, many fortifications were built over the centuries, which today represent a rich heritage not to be missed by history enthusiasts. Indeed, 1,000 years of history and more than 70 castles are waiting for you in Luxembourg!”.
During my visit, I explored three castles, including the renowned Vianden Castle, built between the 11th and 14th centuries. It stands as one of the most “beautiful feudal residences of the Roman and Gothic periods in Europe.”
Its impressive scale and ancient architecture set against the autumn woodlands was truly breathtaking. Yet the Castle Bourscheid proved to be my favourite. As the country’s largest structure of its type, it underwent four phases of development.
Construction concluded in 1430, creating an extensive complex with multiple gun towers, according to the castle’s official website.
“The ruins were classified as a ‘historical monument’ in 1936 and acquired by the state in 1972. Since then, the Stolzemburg house and the gatekeeper’s apartment have been rebuilt, and the towers have been given new roofs. Professional lighting immerses Bourscheid Castle in Luxembourg in a fairytale atmosphere every evening.”
What proved truly remarkable was that, despite numerous restorations over the centuries, the castle maintains its authentic historical character. During a visit in late November, a small Christmas market was taking place, with performers dressed as medieval villagers and playing music as though transported back to the Middle Ages.
The most spectacular aspect was the breathtaking views both inside and beyond the castle walls. The ruins themselves were a sight to behold, but climbing to the castle’s summit reveals the most magnificent vistas of mountains and forests.
Even shrouded in fog, visitors are captivated by Luxembourg’s natural beauty.
Its ownRoyal family
Another surprising discovery is that Luxembourg maintains its own monarchy. According to Business Traveller: “Luxembourg is the only remaining Grand Duchy in the world – a monarchy where the sovereign ruler holds the title of Grand Duke or Grand Duchess.”
Visitors to Luxembourg should make their way to the Grand Ducal Palace. It offers impressive views and features guards stationed at the entrance, reminiscent of Buckingham Palace.
Directly across from the palace sits the Chocolate House Nathalie Bonn. We popped in for a quick lunch and a delightful hot beverage.
Before enjoying the meal in the upstairs restaurant, guests can browse the extraordinary selection of chocolates on display. Choose a hot chocolate flavour that tickles your fancy (it’s served as a large chunk of chocolate on a wooden spoon, which you stir into your hot milk) and savour it with your meal.
I opted for the hazelnut and caramel, which was rich yet nutty and smooth, and then I bagged a pistachio flavour to enjoy at home.
When in Luxembourg, don’t miss out on visiting contemporary landmarks like the Grand Duchess Charlotte Bridge, also known as the “Red Bridge.” It’s renowned as one of the city’s most eye-catching symbols, providing sweeping views of the Petrusse Valley below.
The bridge links the city centre with the Kirchberg district, which houses numerous European institutions, and is a favourite spot for sightseeing and snapping photos.
What took me by surprise
Amidst the captivating history, gothic castles, and medieval chocolate-box homes, the country is surprisingly affluent and modern. In 2025, Luxembourg was crowned the second-wealthiest country in Europe.
It’s reported to have a GDP per capita (which refers to a country’s total economic output, or Gross Domestic Product) of $152,915, according to the World Atlas. However, financial boffins at The Visual Capitalist claim Luxembourg is the world’s wealthiest country this year, based on GDP per capita, at $140,941.
Despite differing statistics, Luxembourg operates as a compact, service-driven economy focused on financial services, supported by access to EU markets, workers crossing borders daily, and robust regulatory frameworks. With minimal national debt, excellent quality of life, and a highly educated workforce, Luxembourg continues to rank among Europe’s strongest economies, according to the World Atlas.
What particularly caught my attention was the vibrant array of colourful buses and trams set against the country’s stunning scenery. Thanks to the free public transport, both visitors and residents can travel effortlessly throughout the city.
However, what truly surprised me was the warmth and friendliness of the people. The residents of Luxembourg typically communicate in three languages: Luxembourgish, French and German. Nevertheless, most were comfortable conversing in English and happy to do so.
There’s a genuine feeling of togetherness throughout the city, which makes visiting this foreign destination particularly welcoming. One local even likened me to a work of art in one of the galleries because of my “beauty”, which was far more generous praise than I could possibly merit.
An abundance of Christmas markets
Throughout my stay, I was able to visit multiple Christmas markets. Featuring enormous Advent calendar structures, a towering Santa figure, stunning Christmas trees, numerous fairground attractions and entertainment options, plus an abundance of food choices, the atmosphere was pure festive enchantment.
Similar to other European capitals, Luxembourg’s Christmas market consists of various smaller markets distributed throughout the city. These seasonal markets will continue operating until January 1, 2026.
I thoroughly relished the white Luxembourgish sausage and these enormous hash browns with apple sauce, known as Gromperekichelcher. However, given that I visited on the opening weekend of the Christmas market, it was incredibly crowded.
I would suggest a trip to Luxembourg later this month to potentially avoid the throngs. Despite the capital city being swamped by tourists, this nation is genuinely tranquil and soothing.
I confess that after some time, there isn’t much to do, but if you’re in search of a serene weekend getaway filled with remarkable natural splendour and striking architecture, then I highly recommend a visit.
